Running Injury Prevention

Running Injury Prevention:
Running injuries are an unfortunate, but all too common occurrence. Understanding a running injury is the key to effective prevention. The following list is an example of the commonly injuries seen by our office. It is important to note that most foot and ankle injuries can easily be prevented by proper care and education. Most of these injuries are caused by overuse, ill-fitting shoes and lack of proper support.

Pain in the rearfoot and heel

• Plantar fasciitis (heel spur)
  Pain in the heel which may radiate into the arch of the foot.
  Plantar Fasciitis is mainly caused by abnormal pronation of the subtalar joint and can easily be remedied by proper fitting, stable shoes and custom orthotics.
• Bruised heel (Fat pad contusion
  Pain from bruising under the heel.
  This problem is caused by sudden increase in mileage or speed. Old worn out shoes are another major factor.
• Calcaneal stress fracture
  Stress fracture of the heel bone or calcaneus.
  Very serious condition which requires medical attention. excessive, sudden increase in
• Medial calcaneal nerve entrapment 
  Also known as Tarsel Tunnel Syndrome – pain sometimes sharp radiating into the arch of the foot, heel and sometimes toes.
• Achilles bursitis (Retrocalcaneal bursitis)
  Pain at the back of the heel caused by in inflamed bursa.
• Bursitis under the calcaneus bone
  Pain under the heel caused by an inflamed bursa.
• Blisters
  Prevention and treatment of this common complaint.

Pain in the middle of the foot

• Navicular Stress Fracture
  A poorly localized midfoot ache associated with exercise
• Extensor tendinopathy / inflammation 
  Pain with possible swelling on the top of the foot.
• Inflammation of flexor tendons of the toes
  Midfoot pain – less common than Extensor tendinitis but can be more painful and disabling
• Plantar fascia strain
  Localized tenderness and pain under the arch of the foot.
• Lateral Plantar Nerve Entrapment
  Pain under the inside of the heel which radiates up into the inside of the ankle.
• Stress fractures
  Stress fracture in the bones of the foot.
• Sinus Tarsi Syndrome
  Poorly localized pain just in front of the lateral malleolus (bony bit on the outside of the ankle).
• Tarsal coalition
  Fusing of the foot bones in adolescents
• Midtarsal Joint Sprain 
  Injury to the midtarsal joint is rare but is more likely seen in gymnasts, footballers and sports involving jumping.
• Cuboid Syndrome
  Dislocation of the cuboid causing pain when weight bearing on the outside of the foot.
• Abductor hallucis strain 
  Pain along the inside arch of the foot.
• Lisfranc’s injury (fracture / dislocation)
  A serious injury of the tarsometatarsal joints in the foot which should always be considered if midfoot sprain is suspected.
• Inflammation or rupture of peroneus brevis tendon
  Pain at a specific point on the outside of the foot.
• Tibialis posterior tendinopathy
  Pain on the inside of the ankle or at the attachment of the tendon to the navicular bone in the boot.
• Peroneal tendinopathy / tendinitis 
  Pain on the outside of the ankle and heel caused by inflammation of the peroneal tendons.
• Blisters
  Prevention and treatment of this common complaint.

Forefoot pain

• Corns and calluses
  Hard skin due to excess pressure and poor foot biomechanics.
• Pes cavus (claw foot) 
  A genetic defect in the foot with a high arch.
• Metatarsalgia (Metatarsophalangeal joint synovitis)
  Inflammation of the MTP joints in the forefoot
• Mortons neuroma 
  Pain in the forefoot, specifically on one side of a toe and the adjacent side of the next toe.
• Bunions
  A bunion is a painful swelling of the soft tissue, and bone enlargement over the inside of the ball of the big toe.
• Turf toe 
  Sprain at the base of the big toe.
• Metatarsal fracture
  Fracture of the long bones in the foot.